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Home All issues Volume 686 (June 2024) A&A, 686 (2024) A37 Full HTML
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Table D.1

Spectral type indices inspected.

Index Reference Formula Feature Measured
H2O (1) 〈 Fλ=1.550−1.560 〉〈 Fλ=1.492−1.502 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.550 - 1.560}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.492 - 1.502}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.50-1.57 μm H2O absorption
TLI-K (2) 〈 Fλ=1.97−1.99 〉〈 Fλ=2.22−2.24 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.97 - 1.99}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.22 - 2.24}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.97 μm Ca lines
TLI-J (2) 〈 Fλ=1.20−1.21 〉〈 Fλ=1.27−1.29 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.20 - 1.21}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.27 - 1.29}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.2 μm FeH absorption band
sHJ (3) 〈 Fλ=1.265−1.305 〉−〈 Fλ=1.6−1.7 〉0.5(〈 λ=1.265−1.305 〉+〈 Fλ=1.6−1.7 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.265 - 1.305}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.6 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {_{\lambda = 1.265 - 1.305}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.6 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ continuum slope
sKJ (3) 〈 Fλ=1.265−1.305 〉−〈 Fλ=2.12−2.16 〉0.5(〈 Fλ=1.265−1.305 〉+〈 Fλ=2.12−1.16 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.265 - 1.305}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.12 - 2.16}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.265 - 1.305}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.12 - 1.16}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ continuum slope
sH2OJ (3) 〈 Fλ=1.265−1.305 〉−〈 Fλ=1.09−1.13 〉0.5(〈 Fλ=1.265−1.305 〉+〈 Fλ=1.09−1.13 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.265 - 1.305}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.09 - 1.13}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.265 - 1.305}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.09 - 1.13}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ 1.1 μm H2O absorption
sH2OH1 (3) 〈 Fλ=1.6−1.7 〉−〈 Fλ=1.45−1.48 〉0.5(〈 Fλ=1.6−1.7 〉+〈 Fπ=1.45−1.48 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.6 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.45 - 1.48}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.6 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\pi = 1.45 - 1.48}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ ~1.40 μm H2O absorption
sH2OH2 (3) 〈 Fλ=1.6−1.7 〉−〈 Fλ=1.77−1.81 〉0.5(〈 Fλ=1.6−1.7 〉+〈 Fλ=1.77−1.81 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.6 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.77 - 1.81}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.6 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.77 - 1.81}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ ~1.85 μm H2O absorption
sH2OK (3) 〈 Fλ=2.12−2.16 〉−〈 Fλ=1.96−1.99 〉0.5(〈 Fλ=2.21−2.16 〉+〈 Fλ=1.96−1.99 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.12 - 2.16}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.96 - 1.99}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.21 - 2.16}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.96 - 1.99}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ ~2.4 μm H2O absorption
H2O-1.2 (4) 〈 Fλ=1.26−1.29 〉〈 Fλ=1.13−1.16 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.26 - 1.29}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.13 - 1.16}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.15 μm H2O absorption
H2O-1.5 (4) 〈 Fλ=1.57−1.59 〉〈 Fλ=1.46−1.48 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.57 - 1.59}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.46 - 1.48}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.4 μm H2O absorption
H2O-2.0 (4) 〈 Fλ=2.09−2.11 〉〈 Fλ=1.975−1.995 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.09 - 2.11}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.975 - 1.995}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~2.0 μm H2O absorption
CH4-1.6 (4) 〈 Fλ=1.56−1.60 〉〈 Fλ=1.635−1.675 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.56 - 1.60}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.635 - 1.675}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.6 μm CH4 absorption
CH4-2.2 (4) 〈 Fλ=2.08−2.12 〉〈 Fλ=2.215−2.255 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.08 - 2.12}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.215 - 2.255}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~2.2 μm CH4 absorption
J-FeH (5) 〈 Fλ=1.195−1.205 〉〈 Fλ=1.18−1.19 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.195 - 1.205}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.18 - 1.19}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.2 μm FeH absorption
H2OA (5) 〈 Fλ=1.338−1.348 〉〈 Fλ=1.308−1.318 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.338 - 1.348}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.308 - 1.318}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.343 μm H2O absorption
H2OB (5) 〈 Fλ=1.451−1.461 〉〈 Fλ=1.565−1.575 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.451 - 1.461}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.565 - 1.575}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.456 μm H2O absorption
H2OC (5) 〈 Fλ=1.783−1.793 〉〈 Fλ=1.717−1.727 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.783 - 1.793}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.717 - 1.727}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.788 μm H2O absorption
H2OD (5) 〈 Fλ=1.951−1.977 〉〈 Fλ=2.062−2.088 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.951 - 1.977}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.062 - 2.088}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.964 μm H2O absorption
CH4A (5) 〈 Fλ=1.725−1.735 〉〈 Fλ=1.585−1.595 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.725 - 1.735}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.585 - 1.595}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.730 μm CH4 absorption
CH4B (5) 〈 Fλ=2.195−2.205 〉〈 Fλ=2.095−2.105 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.195 - 2.205}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.095 - 2.105}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~2.2 μm CH4 absorption
CO (5) 〈 Fλ=2.295−2.305 〉〈 Fλ=2.280−2.290 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.295 - 2.305}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.280 - 2.290}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~2.295 μm CO band
H2O-1 (6) 〈 Fλ=1.335−1.345 〉〈 Fλ=1.295−1.305 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.335 - 1.345}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.295 - 1.305}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~1.34 μm H2O absorption
H2O-2 (6) 〈 Fλ=2.035−2.045 〉〈 Fλ=2.145−2.155 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.035 - 2.045}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.145 - 2.155}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~2.0 μm H2O absorption
FeH (6) 〈 Fλ=1.1935−1.2065 〉〈 Fλ=1.2235−1.2365 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.1935 - 1.2065}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.2235 - 1.2365}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.2 μm FeH absorption
H2O-K2 (7) 〈 Fλ=2.07−2.09 〉/〈 Fλ=2.235−2.255 〉〈 Fλ=2.235−2.255 〉/〈 Fλ=2.36−2.38 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.07 - 2.09}}} \right\rangle /\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.235 - 2.255}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.235 - 2.255}}} \right\rangle /\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.36 - 2.38}}} \right\rangle }}$ ~2.07-2.38 μm H2O absorption
H2O-H (8) 〈 Fλ=1.595−1615 〉/〈 Fλ=1.68−1.7 〉〈 Fλ=1.68−1.7 〉/〈 Fλ=1.76−1.78 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.595 - 1615}}} \right\rangle /\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.68 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.68 - 1.7}}} \right\rangle /\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.76 - 1.78}}} \right\rangle }}$ H-band H2O absorption
H2O-K (8) 〈 Fλ=2.18−2.2 〉/〈 Fλ=2.27−2.29 〉〈 Fλ=2.27−2.29 〉/〈 Fλ=2.36−2.38 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.18 - 2.2}}} \right\rangle /\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.27 - 2.29}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.27 - 2.29}}} \right\rangle /\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.36 - 2.38}}} \right\rangle }}$ K-band H2O absorption
Q (9) 〈 Fλ=2.07−2.13 〉〈 Fλ=2.267−2.285 〉[ 〈 Fλ=2.4−2.5 〉〈 Fλ=2.267−2.285 〉 ]1.22${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.07 - 2.13}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.267 - 2.285}}} \right\rangle }}{\left[ {{{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.4 - 2.5}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.267 - 2.285}}} \right\rangle }}} \right]^{1.22}}$ 1.7-2.1 μm and >2.4 μm H2O absorption
WH (10) 〈 Fλ=1.552−1.572 〉〈 Fλ=1.655−1.675 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.552 - 1.572}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.655 - 1.675}}} \right\rangle }}$ H2O absorption
WK (10) 〈 Fλ=2.04−2.06 〉〈 Fλ=2.18−2.2 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.04 - 2.06}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.18 - 2.2}}} \right\rangle }}$ H2O absorption
QH (10) 〈 Fλ=1.552−1.572 〉〈 Fλ=1.655−1.675 〉[ 〈 Fλ=1.73−1.75 〉〈 Fλ=1.655−1.675 〉 ]1.581${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.552 - 1.572}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.655 - 1.675}}} \right\rangle }}{\left[ {{{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.73 - 1.75}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.655 - 1.675}}} \right\rangle }}} \right]^{1.581}}$ H2O absorption
QK (10) 〈 Fλ=2.04−2.06 〉〈 Fλ=2.182−2.202 〉[ 〈 Fλ=2.33−2.35 〉〈 Fλ=2.182−2.202 〉 ]1.14${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.04 - 2.06}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.182 - 2.202}}} \right\rangle }}{\left[ {{{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.33 - 2.35}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.182 - 2.202}}} \right\rangle }}} \right]^{1.14}}$ H2O absorption
ω0 (11) (WH2O−0.0105*−WH2O−1−0.0102*)(1−0.0105+1−0.0102)−1$\left( {{{{{{W_{H2O}}} \over { - 0.0105}}}^*} - {{{{{W_{H2O - 1}}} \over { - 0.0102}}}^*}} \right){\left( {{1 \over { - 0.0105}} + {1 \over { - 0.0102}}} \right)^{ - 1}}$ ~1.50-1.57 μm H2O absorption
ωD (11) (WH2OD0.0099*−WH2O−1−0.0102*)(10.0099+1−0.0102)−1$\left( {{{{{{W_{H2OD}}} \over {0.0099}}}^*} - {{{{{W_{H2O - 1}}} \over { - 0.0102}}}^*}} \right){\left( {{1 \over {0.0099}} + {1 \over { - 0.0102}}} \right)^{ - 1}}$ ~1.964 μm H2O absorption
ω2 (11) (WH2O0.0098*−WH2O−1−0.0102*)(10.0098+1−0.0102)−1$\left( {{{{{{W_{H2O}}} \over {0.0098}}}^*} - {{{{{W_{H2O - 1}}} \over { - 0.0102}}}^*}} \right){\left( {{1 \over {0.0098}} + {1 \over { - 0.0102}}} \right)^{ - 1}}$ ~2.0 μm H2O absorption
K1 (12) 〈 Fλ=2.10−2.18 〉−〈 Fλ=1.96−2.04 〉0.5(〈 Fλ=2.10−2.18 〉+〈 Fλ=1.96−2.04 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.10 - 2.18}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.96 - 2.04}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.10 - 2.18}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 1.96 - 2.04}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ 2.0 to 2.14 μm H2O absorption
K2 (12) 〈 Fλ=2.20−2.28 〉−〈 Fλ=2.10−2.18 〉0.5(〈 Fλ=2.20−2.28 〉+〈 Fλ=2.10−2.18 〉)${{\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.20 - 2.28}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.10 - 2.18}}} \right\rangle } \over {0.5\left( {\left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.20 - 2.28}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{\lambda = 2.10 - 2.18}}} \right\rangle } \right)}}$ 2.14 to 2.24 μm H2 absorption
H2O-A (13) 〈 F1.12−1.17 〉〈 F1.25−1.28 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.12 - 1.17}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.25 - 1.28}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.15 μm H2O/CH4
H2O-B (13) 〈 F1.505−1.525 〉〈 F1.575−1.595 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.505 - 1.525}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.575 - 1.595}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.4 μmH2O
H2O-C (13) 〈 F2.00−2.04 〉〈 F2.09−2.13 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.00 - 2.04}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{2.09 - 2.13}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.9 μmH2O
CH4-A (13) 〈 F1.295−1.325 〉〈 F1.25−1.28 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.295 - 1.325}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.25 - 1.28}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.3 μmCH4
CH4-B (13) 〈 F1.64−1.70 〉〈 F1.575−1.595 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.64 - 1.70}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.575 - 1.595}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.6 μmCH4
CH4-C (13) 〈 F2.225−2.275 〉〈 F2.09−2.13 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.225 - 2.275}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{2.09 - 2.13}}} \right\rangle }}$ 2.2 μmCH4
H/J (13) 〈 F1.50−1.75 〉〈 F1.20−1.325 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.50 - 1.75}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.20 - 1.325}}} \right\rangle }}$ NIR color
K/H (13) 〈 F2.00−2.30 〉〈 F1.50−1.75 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.00 - 2.30}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.50 - 1.75}}} \right\rangle }}$ NIR color
CO (13) 〈 F2.325−2.375 〉〈 F2.09−2.13 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.325 - 2.375}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{2.09 - 2.13}}} \right\rangle }}$ 2.3 μm CO
2.11/2.07 (13) 〈 F2.10−2.12 〉〈 F2.06−2.08 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.10 - 2.12}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{2.06 - 2.08}}} \right\rangle }}$ K-band shape/CIA H2
K shape (13) 〈 F2.12−2.13 〉−〈 F2.15−2.16 〉〈 F2.17−2.18 〉−〈 F2.19−2.20 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.12 - 2.13}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{2.15 - 2.16}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.17 - 2.18}}} \right\rangle - \left\langle {{F_{2.19 - 2.20}}} \right\rangle }}$ K-band shape/CIA H2
H2O-J (14) 〈 F1.14−1.165 〉〈 F1.26−1.285 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.14 - 1.165}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.26 - 1.285}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.15 μm H2O
H2O-H (14) 〈 F1.48−1.52 〉〈 F1.56−1.60 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.48 - 1.52}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.56 - 1.60}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.40 μm H2O
H2O-K (14) 〈 F1.975−1.995 〉〈 F2.08−2.10 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.975 - 1.995}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{2.08 - 2.10}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.90 μm H2O
CH4-J (14) 〈 F1.315−1.34 〉〈 F1.26−1.285 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.315 - 1.34}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.26 - 1.285}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.32 μm CH4
CH4-H (14) 〈 F1.635−1.675 〉〈 F1.56−1.60 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.635 - 1.675}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.56 - 1.60}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.65 μm CH4
CH4-K (14) 〈 F2.215−2.255 〉〈 F2.08−2.12 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.215 - 2.255}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{2.08 - 2.12}}} \right\rangle }}$ 2.20 μm CH4
K/J (14) 〈 F2.060−2.10 〉〈 F1.25−1.29 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{2.060 - 2.10}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.25 - 1.29}}} \right\rangle }}$ J-K colour
H-dip (15) 〈 F1.61−1.64 〉〈 F1.56−1.59 〉+〈 F1.66−1.69 〉${{\left\langle {{F_{1.61 - 1.64}}} \right\rangle } \over {\left\langle {{F_{1.56 - 1.59}}} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{F_{1.66 - 1.69}}} \right\rangle }}$ 1.65 μm CH4

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