Reconstruction results on synthetic data. Left: sky sample generated for this study masked by the extent of the exposure patches (14423, 14424, 14435; see Table 3). Center: reconstruction result, i.e., the posterior mean, of the imaged sky masked by the extent of the same exposure patches. Right: zoomed-in regions of the data on top and of the reconstructed image below. The shown cutout region is marked in the center image.