Overview of the composite RGB images of the carbonaceous inclusions (organic nanoparticles) in Ryugu samples: (a) A0108-19 whole-rock; (b) A0106-IOM residue_3; (c and d) C0107-IOM residue_16-A and -B. In red, C=O (1720 cm⁻¹); in green, C=C (1600 cm⁻¹); in blue, CH_X (peaked at 1460 cm⁻¹). The CH_X deformation modes’ map results from the subtraction of the 1520 cm⁻¹ signal from the 1460 cm⁻¹ signal, in order to suppress the contribution of other vibrational modes’ absorption at 1460 cm⁻¹ (see text for details).