AFM-IR maps of Ryugu A0108-19 whole-rock sample. (a) General large-scale topographic map of the grain. (b) Composite RGB maps (C=O in red, C=C in green, CH_X in blue) superimposed on the 3D topographic representation of the sample. (c-e) Individual maps in C=O (in red, at 1720 cm⁻¹), C=C (in green, at 1600 cm⁻¹), CH_X (in blue, peaked at 1460 cm⁻¹) used to build the composite RGB image. The CH_X deformation modes’ map results from the subtraction of the 1520 cm⁻¹ signal from the 1460 cm⁻¹ signal, in order to suppress the contribution of other vibrational modes’ absorption at 1460 cm⁻¹ (see text for details).