Time series of ESPRESSO radial-velocity measurements of ϵ Indi. Top: raw time series (after removal of a constant RV offset). The solid red curves represent smoothing functions applied on a nightly basis (see text for details). Middle: detrended time series (after high-pass filtering). Bottom: internal (photon-noise limited) RV precision as returned by the ESPRESSO DRS. The horizontal dotted line represents the instrumental noise level of 10 cm s⁻¹ quoted by Pepe et al. (2021).