Fig. 1

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Comparison of the stellar spectra and absorption cross section. Left axis: spectrum of the present-day Sun as seen at 1 au, plotted in blue (Claire et al. 2012), and the spectrum of TRAPPIST-1 as received at 0.512 au, plotted in red (Wilson et al. 2021). Right axis: abundance-weighted absorption cross section (dashed line; Huebner & Mukherjee 2015) of an Earth-like atmosphere.
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