Comparison of energy in the axisymmetric dipole (l = 1, m = 0) and non-axisymmetric quadrupole components (l = 2, m > 0) versus solar cycle. The top row shows the energy in the axisymmetric dipole component. The second row shows the energy in the quadrupole m = ±1, and m = ±2 components quadratically summed. The third row shows the ratio of energy between the two energies, which a dashed horizontal line marking unity. The bottom row displays the monthly sunspot number during this time, taken from WDC-SILSO.