Evolution of the dipole (l = 1) mode of the Sun’s radial magnetic field. The first row shows the variation of the axial (m = 0) component of the field. The second row shows the variation of the equatorial (m = ±1) component of the field. The third row shows the ratio of energy between the equatorial and axial dipole components. The bottom row displays the monthly sunspot number during this time, taken from WDC-SILSO.