Table 4.
CME parameters used in the EUHFORIA simulations employing the spheromak model for CME1 in Run3 and Run4, and the FRi3D model for CME2 in Run1, Run2, and Run4.
| Input parameters | ||
|---|---|---|
| CME1 | CME2 | |
| CME model | Spheromak | FRi3D |
| Geometrical | ||
| Insertion time | 2014-09- | 2014-09- |
| 09 04:24 UT | 10 20:14 UT | |
| Speed | 450 km s−1 | 500 km s−1 |
| Latitude | 22° | 24° |
| Longitude | −14° | 15° |
| Half-width | – | 50° |
| Half-height | – | 30° |
| Radius | 21 R⊙ | – |
| Toroidal height | – | 13.6 R⊙ |
| Magnetic field | ||
| Chirality | −1 | +1 ( * ) |
| Polarity | – | +1(−1) |
| Tilt | −135°( * *) | 45° |
| Toroidal magnetic flux | 5 × 1013 Wb | – |
| Total magnetic flux | – | 5 × 1013 Wb |
| Twist | – | 1.5 |
| Deformation | ||
| Flattening | – | 0.5 |
| Pancaking | – | 0.5 |
| Plasma parameters | ||
| Mass density | 10−18 kg m−3 | 10−17 kg m−3 |
| Temperature | 0.8 × 106 K | 0.8 × 106 K |
Notes. The only change for Run1 is in the polarity parameter of the FRi3D model, which is −1 (eastward) as opposed to +1 (westward) for Run2 and Run4. ( * )FRi3D chirality is implemented with an opposite convention, –1 for right-handedness and +1 for left-handedness. ( * *)Conventionally, a left-handed tilt of 0° configuration of the spheromak model is a westward flux-rope normal to the Sun–Earth line. Therefore, with the eastward tilt of 45°, the spheromak model is rotated anti-clockwise by 135°, i.e. −135°.
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