Example of limited weathering due to limited crustal growth. The blue dashed line shows the partial pressure of CO₂ which would be necessary for weathering to be in equilibrium with the influx of CO₂ from outgassing and decarbonation, based on the current crustal growth rate. The orange line shows the actual CO₂ pressure in the atmosphere. The blue shaded region marks where the system is in disequilibrium, where the influx of C0₂ is larger than can be removed by weathering. This example correspond to the Earth-like model in Fig. 1a–c.