Comparison of simulated PSFs for two conjugated phase maps ϕ (left) and ϕ′ (right): for ϕ′, we set opposite Zernike coefficients to those of ϕ only for the even modes, with a total of 18 modes starting from defocus. (a) Entrance annular pupil. (b, c) The conjugated phase maps. (d, e) In-focus and out-of-focus PSFs obtained from propagating (b) with both polarization states together. (f, g) The same as (d, e) but using (c) for propagation instead. (h, i) In-focus PSFs obtained from (b) with −l_p and +l_p used separately. (j, k) The same as (h, i) but using (c) for propagation instead.