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Fig. 9.

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1D PIC simulations initialization setups. (a) Single-shock case: a hydrogen plasma (n1 = 2n0 = 2 × 1018 cm−3, Te1 = 130 eV and Ti1 = 200 eV) drifts through a background hydrogen plasma (n1 = n0 = 1 × 1018 cm−3, Te2 = 80 eV, and Ti2 = 20 eV) with a drifting velocity of vd = 350 km s−1 (see Table 2). (b) Double-shock case: a background plasma (n2 = n0 = 1 × 1018 cm−3, Te2 = 80 eV, and Ti2 = 20 eV) is set at rest between two counter-streaming denser plasmas (n1 = n3 = 2n0 = 2 × 1018 cm−3, Te1 = Te3 = 130 eV and Ti1 = Ti3 = 200 eV). The drifting velocity vd = 350 km s−1 imposed to the protons in both configurations leads to a shock velocity of vs ≈ 640 km s−1. The simulation is initialized ∼11 ns after the lasers start ablating the targets, with a distance of 1.8 mm in between the two shock fronts, while the box has a total length Lx = 11 mm.

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