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Table 5

Results for ice satellites of the Solar System.

Ganymede Europa Callisto

Property Variable Reference Model Reference Model Reference Model
Mass (kg) Mp 1.483 × 1023 4.772 × 1022 1.075 × 1023
Radius (km) Rp 2632.3 (1) 1562.1 (1) 2409.3 (1)
Average density (g cm−3) ρ 1.942 ± 0.005 (2) 2.989 ± 0.005 (2) 1.834 ± 0.003 (2)
Normalised moment of inertia factor 0.3115 ± 0.003 (2) 0.3460 ± 0.005 (2) 0.3200 (6)

600–800 (3) 469–662 (2)
Core radius (km) r0 501– 770 478 (4) 621 568– 592(2) 665
602(4) 470–640 (5)
Ice-water thickness (km) Rp – r1 800–900 (3) 876–910 (4) 901 136 (4) 125–140 (5) 121 880
Ocean thickness (km) Docean 24–287 (4) 130 129–134 (2) 133–136 (4) 119 20–132 (2) 120

Core mean density (g cm−3) P0 6.6–7.4 (3) 6.59 6.3–7.0 (3) 6.19 6.22
Core mass fraction CMF 0.04–0.10 0.085 0.05–0.13 (3) 0.13 0.05–0.06 (2) 0.07

Mantle mean density (g cm−3) ρ1 3.51 (4) 3.44 3.425 (4) 3.26 3.53 (4) 3.27
Mantle mass fraction MMF 0.47 0.46 0.84 0.79 0.42

Ice mean density (g cm−3) ρ2 1.22 1.23 1.12 1.14 1.26
Ice mass fraction IMF 0.45 0.455 0.09 0.08 0.51

Planet mass error 0.014% 0.026% 0.008%
Average density error 0.001% 0.001% 0.001%
Moment of inertia error 0.032% 0.003% 0.004%

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