Fig. 4.

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Morphology of the observed and simulated galaxy in the MOND simulation. Top left: real galaxy (image taken in the MATLAS survey). Top right: simulated galaxy viewed perpendicular to the plane of collision and to the original plane of the disk of the secondary galaxy. The morphology of the real galaxy is reproduced best by the simulation from this angle of view. Bottom left and right: two perpendicular views of the simulated NGC 474 in the plane of the sky. The orientation of the simulation axes is indicated in each panel by the compass. We show the simulation at the time of 1280 Myr after the first pericentric passage of the merged galaxies, i.e., at time T1G, when the analytic model of shell propagation predicts that the observed shell radii should be reproduced. The images of the simulated galaxy capture the stellar particles of the primary as well as the secondary galaxy. The secondary galaxy in the simulation originally approached the primary from the positive part of the x-axis.
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