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Table 1

Global and one hundred-Earth-year mean characteristics of the simulated climate in three experiments with varying vertical diffusivity.

Kt Ts Ap As SWCRE LWCRE NCRE TWV
(Kt0) (°C) (Sv) (Sv) (0–1) (0–1) (W m−2) (W m−2) (W m−2) (kg m−2)
1 14.0 18 100 0.32 0.12 −55 28 −27 22
10 18.2 60 90 0.30 0.11 −53 30 −23 26
100 23.5 324 40 0.28 0.09 −48 30 −18 37

Notes. Ts: surface air temperature. : maximum oceanic meridional overturning streamfunction (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1, being approximately equal to 109 kg s−1 after considering seawater density). : maximum value of the streamfunction in the Hadley Cells. Ap: planetary albedo. As: surface albedo. SWCRE: shortwave cloud radiative effect at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). LWCRE: longwave cloud radiative effect at TOA. NCRE: net cloud radiative effect (SWCRE plus LWCRE). TWV: vertically integrated water vapor amount in the atmosphere.

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