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Fig. 5

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Comparison of the effect of different planet formation timescales. The planet setup is the same for both: two planets, positioned at 13 au and 143 au, with a mass of 8 MJup and 1.7 MJup. In simulation V, the outer planet started to form much later than the inner planet (Δ1 = 0, Δ2 = 600 Kyr, τ1 = τ2 = 16 Kyr). For simulation VI, the planets started to form simultaneously, but the outer planet gained mass significantly slower (Δ1 = Δ2 = 0, τ1 = 16 Kyr, τ2 = 600 Kyr).

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