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Table 1
Thermal model parameters and variables.
| Parameter | Meaning | Value |
|---|---|---|
| A | Bolometric Bond albedo | Pitman et al. (2010); Howett et al. (2014) |
| p | Porosity | 0.3-0.99 |
| R | Grain size | 0.1 μm-5 cm |
| Ice phase | Phase of ice | Crystalline (Ih)/Amorphous (Am) |
| Typec | Type of grain contact | Tight/loose(†) |
| Typer | Model for KR = 8RFEσT3 | Exchange factor  from BB(‡) or GB(⊕) |
| Variable | ||
| ρ = (1 − p)ρ0 | Regolith volume density | ρ0 = 918 kg m−3 (Ih(F)) |
| ρ0 = 940 kg m−3 (Am(B)) | ||
| TF, εF | Temperature, apparent emissivity in FOV estimated from ID(λ) | |
| ϵd(μ, λ), ϵh(λ) | Spectral directional, hemispherical emissivities (Eqs. (10), (5)) | |
 |
Average hemispherical emissivity (Eq. (11)) | |
| μ0, μ, μ0,j, μj | Incidence and emission angle cosines at center of FOV, of plate j | |
| kE = kR + kC | Effective = radiative + contact thermal conductivity | |
| kE0 | Constant thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1) | |
| CP(T) | Specific heat capacity (J kg−1 K−1)(S) | |
| σ | Stefan constant | |
 |
Thermal inertia (J m−2 K−1 s−1∕2) | |
Notes. Labelled values are defined after: (†)Ferrari & Lucas (2016), (‡)Breitbach & Barthels (1980), (⊕)Gundlach & Blum (2012), (S)Shulman (2004), (F) Fletcher (1970), (B) Baragiola (2003).
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