Representative vanadium features in normalized, telluric absorption corrected, and co-added CARMENES spectra for M0.0 V (black, J14257+236W) and M2.0 V (gray, J03213+799) stars. Overplotted are PHOENIX-ACES spectra (1D LTE) convolved to the CARMENES instrumental resolution ( = 94 600) for 4000 K (blue) and 3500 K (red) dwarfs for comparison. Wavelengths are given in terms of the rest frame as measured in air.