Spectral decomposition of the synthetic ice spectrum composed of eight components of pure ice samples (black line) and Gaussian noise (σ = 0.01). Panel a: synthetic spectrum along with the silicate band from 2.5 − 20 μm. Panel b: synthetic spectrum without the silicate feature and residual plot. The ENIIGMA fit is shown by the dashed green line and the ice components by the other colours. Panels c–e: small spectral ranges highlighting the contribution of shallow bands.