Table 8.
Constraints on Δα/α for the Unification, Dilaton, and Clocks models (with the range of values within Δχ2 = 1 of it, corresponding to the 68.3% confidence level for a Gaussian posterior likelihood), obtained from the Deuterium-only and Deuterium plus Helium4 abundances, and with the values of the other relevant parameters (neutron lifetime, number of neutrinos, and baryon-to-photon ratio) fixed or marginalized as described in the main text.
| Data | Parameters | Unification | Dilaton | Clocks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| D only | Fixed | 5.8 ± 2.0 | 10.9 ± 3.8 |
 |
| D only | Marginalized | 5.7 ± 2.7 | 11.3 ± 4.8 |
 |
| D + He4 | Fixed | 5.8 ± 2.0 | 7.7 ± 3.4 |
 |
| D + He4 | Marginalized | 5.7 ± 2.7 | 7.7 ± 4.3 |
 |
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