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Table D.1
Input parameters used for the mantle model of Sect. 2.1 and Appendix A.
Parameter | Name | Value | Unit |
---|---|---|---|
Ac⊕ | Earth’s core surface area(1) | 1.5 × 1014 | m2 |
Am⊕ | Earth’s mantle surface area(1) | 5.1 × 1014 | m2 |
α | Mantle mean thermal expansivity(1) | 2 × 10−5 | K−1 |
β | Nu-Ra relation exponent | 1∕3 | – |
cc | Core mean specific heat(2) | 800 | J kg−1 K−1 |
cm | Mantle mean specific heat(2) | 1100 | J kg−1 K−1 |
D⊕ | Earth’s mantle thickness(3) | 2.92 × 106 | m |
E⋆ | Activation energy for subsolidus creep deformation(1) | 3 × 105 | J mol−1 |
g | Gravitational acceleration(1) | 9.81 | m s−2 |
k | Mantle mean thermal conductivity(1) | 4 | W m−1 K−1 |
η⊕ | Present-day Earth viscosity(1) | 1021 | Pa s |
Q0 | Present-day radiogenic heat production(4) | 3.31 × 10−8 | W m−3 |
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Present-day heat production contribution from 238U(4) | 24.285 | % |
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Present-day heat production contribution from 235U(4) | 0.1467 | % |
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Present-day heat production contribution from 232Th(4) | 74.752 | % |
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Present-day heat production contribution from 40K(4) | 0.8063 | % |
Rg | Gas constant(1) | 8.314 | J mol−1 K−1 |
Racr | Critical Rayleigh number(1) | 450 | – |
Ra⊕ | Present-day Earth Rayleigh number(2) | 4.26 × 107 | – |
ρc | Core mean density(2) | 11449 | kg m−3 |
ρm | Mantle mean density(2) | 4424 | kg m−3 |
t⊕ | Age of Earth(1) | 4.5 | Gyr |
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238U half-life(5) | 4.468 | Gyr |
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235U half-life(5) | 0.7038 | Gyr |
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232 Th half-life(5) | 14.05 | Gyr |
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40 K half-life(5) | 1.277 | Gyr |
Tm ⊕ | Present-day Earth upper mantle temperature(1) | 1650 | K |
Vc ⊕ | Earth’s core volume(1) | 1.7 × 1020 | m3 |
Vm ⊕ | Earth’s mantle volume(1) | 9.1 × 1020 | m3 |
References.Parameter values are taken from (1)Höning et al. (2019b), (2)calculated in this work. (3)Driscoll & Bercovici (2014), (4)Korenaga (2008), or (5) Turcotte & Schubert (2014)
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