Top: ratio α_la/α_tu denoting turbulent (red) and laminar (blue) regions. The dotted lines delimit these regions and represent |z| = 3.5h, |z| = 6.5h and |z| = 12.5h. The two different circles denote the radii used for the calculation of the fluxes (r₁ = 8, r₂ = 14), see Sects. 3.2.1 and Appendix B. TA and LA correspond for turbulent and laminar atmosphere, respectively. Bottom: cosine of the angle ψ between the mean poloidal velocity and the mean poloidal magnetic field as a function of the latitudinal coordinate. The grey zones correspond to the turbulent regions in the top panel, delimited by the dotted lines.