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Fig. 6

image

Chemical abundance ratios of HCN, H13CN and HC15N as function of time derived from a model for which no shock is present, but a gas with density nH = 105 cm−3 was warmed up to 70 K. The cosmic-ray ionization rate is ζ = 3 × 10−16 s−1. The time = 0 yr corresponds to the beginning of Phase II when the temperature is increased.

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