Top: Doppler velocity observed by the SUNRISE/IMaX instrument using the spectral line Fe I 5250.2 Å. The size of the displayed domain is chosen to be 6 × 6 Mm² for comparison with the simulation domain. Bottom: Doppler velocity from simulations using the same spectral line as for the observations. The displayed Doppler map has been degraded to approach observational conditions. The velocity is expressed in km s⁻¹. Positive velocities correspond to downward-directed flows.