Fig. 5

Orbital evolution of the GJ 1148 system for a Myr long N-body integration using the Wisdom-Holman scheme. From top to bottom: evolution of the planetary semi-major axes, eccentricities, and the apsidal alignment angle Δω = ϖb − ϖc. The gray area is composed of 1000 randomly chosen stable configurations from the MCMC run, which represent the possible orbital outcome consistent with the RV data. The solid color curves show the evolution of the best-fit configuration.
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