Cumulative distribution of (1 + δ) for MPGs with reliable R_e and δ at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.8 (black solid line) and at 0.8 <  z ≤ 0.9 (dashed black line). The probability p that the two distributions are extracted from the same parent sample is rejected at ∼3σ. Red solid and dashed lines indicate the cumulative distribution for MPGs at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.6 and 0.7 ≤ z ≤ 0.8, respectively. The probability that they are extracted from the same parent sample is 0.64.