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Table 1.

Derived properties of the equilibrium state for the different models.

teq Description
(103 yr) (108 K) (eV) (1033 erg s−1) (1033 erg s−1)
1 9.7 1.109 107 3.90 44.0 Basic
2 42.0 0.770 86 1.59 3.1 trec * 10
3 112.7 0.526 73 0.82 0.2 fa = 0.02
4 40.2 0.773 87 1.67 3.2 fa = 0.1
5 14.1 1.002 100 2.98 21.2 fa = 0.5
6 6.1 1.222 117 5.57 89.0 fa = 2.0
7 13.0 1.026 99 2.78 25.2 No shallow heating (Qsh = 0)
8 16.8 0.972 102 3.12 17.0 No deep crustal heating (Qdch = 0)
9 10.1 1.098 106 3.73 41.0 ρsh = (2–10) × 108 g cm−3
10 9.4 1.115 107 3.88 45.8 ρsh = (1–5) × 1010 g cm−3
11 6.1 1.213 122 6.49 84.5 Qsh = 5.0 MeV nucleon−1
12 4.3 1.275 111 3.86 48.8 M = 1.2 M
13 16.2 1.007 106 4.23 37.9 M = 2.0 M (minimal cooling paradigm)
14 8.8 1.117 90 1.90 46.6 yL = 106 g cm−2
15 9.9 1.096 121 6.32 40.5 yL = 1011 g cm−2
16 9.8 1.104 114 4.93 42.6 Qimp = 30
17 9.9 1.094 125 7.06 40.0 Qimp = 100
18 9.1 1.108 108 4.00 43.9 Qimp, p = 30
19 9.2 1.107 110 4.28 43.6 Qimp, p = 100
20 10.1 1.108 107 3.90 44.0 Neutron 1S0 gap model “CCDK”
21 10.5 1.108 107 3.90 44.1 No neutron 1S0 pairing
22 11.4 1.837 129 8.08 39.4 Neutron 3P2 gap model “c”
23 37.6 1.732 126 7.47 40.2 No neutron 3P2 pairing
24 7.2 1.109 107 3.90 44.0 Proton 1S0 gap model “CCDK”
25 10.4 1.109 107 3.90 44.0 No proton 1S0 pairing
26 0.3 0.194 49 0.19 41.4 M = 2.0 M with dUrca

Notes. In the presented models a sequence of 24 outbursts is repeated. To eliminate the variation in the temperatures and luminosities due to the oscillation around the equilibrium state over the outbursts cycles in the sequence, in each model the parameter values are tracked at the last time step in quiescence at the end of the full sequence (24 outbursts). The equilibrium temperature is defined as the time when the core temperature reaches 99.9% of the maximum core temperature (from the core temperatures at the tracked times).

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