Sketch of solar wind charge-exchange interactions (SWCX) at comet 67P for a heliocentric distance of about 2 AU. The upstream solar wind, composed of H⁺ and He²⁺ ions, experiences charge-changing collisions when impacting the comet’s neutral atmosphere, producing a mixture of charged states downstream of the collision. ENAs are depicted in pink. An increasingly deep blue color denotes a correspondingly denser atmosphere. SWCX plays a major role at and around the bow shock-like structure, depicted in shades of red, where the solar wind is heated and deflected.