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Fig. 4

image

Positive tidal torque generated by oceanic eccentricity tides in super-synchronous frequency range (Ω > n) for increasing oceanic depths (af). An oceanic mode is characterised by a resonance of eigenfrequency σn (blue peaks). We focus here on the degree-0 mode, of frequency σ0, in the non-rotating approximation (Coriolis effects are ignored). An eccentricity term of frequency σ2,s = 2Ω − sn generates a positive torque, which is enhanced by the resonance when (red peak). The semidiurnal (σ2,2) and first eccentricity frequencies (σ2,3 and σ2,4) associated with the peak thus created are symbolised by the superscript ▲. The peak raised by the eccentricity tide occurs when , which also corresponds to and . The direction of peaks indicates the sign of the tidal torque. In the super-synchronous regime (σ2,2 > 0), downwardblue peaks tend to drive the planet towards tidal locking in spin-orbit synchronous (σ2,2 = 0), while upward red peaks tend to drive it away from this state of equilibrium.

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