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Table A.1

List of notations and definitions used in this paper.

Constants and physical parameters
c Speed of light in vacuum
G Gravitational constant
M Mass of the central planet
R Equatorial radius of the central planet
μ Gravitational parameter (GM)
η Value of the index of refraction at infinity
α(k) kth differential of n with respect to Φ
α (α(k) for k = 1; cf. Eq. (11))

Observables

t Light time
s Geometrical length
ν Frequency of the signal

Unit vectors

First member of the reference basis
Second member of the reference basis
Third member of the reference basis
First member of the propagation basis
Second member of the propagation basis
Third member of the propagation basis
First member of the polar basis
Second member of the polar basis
Third member of the polar basis

Fundamental vectors

h Position vector of a point along the light ray
s Unit tangent vector to the light ray at h’s location
K Impact parameter vector (cf. Eq. (12))
v Medium velocity vector in the reference frame
w Angular velocity vector of the central planet
Coordinate velocity vector divided by c

Fundamental vectors’ magnitude

h Magnitude of h
K Magnitude of K (cf. Eq. (13))
v Magnitude of v
w Magnitude of w
Γ Lorentz factor []

Scalar fields

n Index of refraction of the medium
N Refractivity of the medium (nη)
n0 Hyperbolic index of refraction (cf. Eq. (17))
δn Difference between n and n0
Eikonal function
U0 Newtonian gravitational potential (cf. Eq. (16))
U Total gravitational potential
Utidal External tidal gravitational potential
ΦC Centrifugal potential
Φ Generalized potential (cf. Eq. (60))

Angles

ϕ Angle between h and s
ψ Argument of the refractive bending
β Elevation angle
ɛ Refractive bending
θ Polar angle in the propagation basis

Perturbations

Component of the perturbation along
Component of the perturbation along
Component of the perturbation along
Perturbation due to δn (cf. Eq. (44))

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