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Table 3.

Estimated proton fluxes in pfu of observed stellar flares of the M-dwarf stars GJ876 (observed in June 2015, IX = 1.1 × 10−1 W m−2, see Youngblood et al. 2016), Proxima Centauri (observed in March 2016, IX = 6.02 W m−2, see Howard et al. 2018), and AD Leonis (observed in April 1989, IX = 9 W m−2, see Segura et al. 2010).

Previous studies
This work
BE05 BE07 CL12 RMA Best case DPL mean Worst case
GJ876 3.88 × 106 1.10 × 104 5.86 × 106 8.07 × 104 8.93 × 104 1.26 × 107 1.45 × 109
Proxima Centauri 3.72 × 108 4.41 × 105 3.40 × 109 3.67 × 106 1.78 × 107 1.23 × 1010 6.97 × 1012
ADLeonis 5.88 × 108 6.41 × 105 6.45 × 109 5.39 × 106 3.03 × 107 2.45 × 1010 1.63 × 1013

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