Pebble mass flux Ṁ_peb that arrives at the snowline r_snow in Earth masses per year, as a function of time t (solid black line), for the fiducial model (1a). The dashed black line corresponds to the pebble mass flux Ṁ_peb that arrives at the planetesimal annulus outside r_snow. During the planetesimal formation phase, the pebble mass flux at the snowline is constant and equal to the pebble mass flux delivered by the “peak” outside the snowline Ṁ_peb,crit (dotted line): the excess flux is converted to planetesimals. The total mass in planetesimals M_pltsmls is plotted inblue.