Panel a: UV irradiance integrated over the range 220–240 nm as reconstructed here (red), modelled with SATIRE-S (black; reference data set from Yeo et al. 2014) and measured by UARS/SUSIM (blue, Floyd et al. 2003). The long-term uncertainty of the UARS/SUSIM measurements (taking the 1996 minimum as a reference) is shown by the shaded area. Panel b: facular contribution to the TSI changes modelled with SATIRE-T (red) and obtained from full-disc solar magnetograms (SATIRE-S; black). In the SATIRE-S model the period between 1990 and 1993 is not shown due to gaps in the input data (Yeo et al. 2014). All curves are in 81-day moving averages.