Table 1
Sample of carbon stars.
| Name | RA | Dec | V LSR | D | T⋆ | L⋆ | Ṁ | V exp | Td(rc) | rc | Ψ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J2000.0 | J2000.0 | (km s−1) | (pc) | (K) | (L⊙) | (M⊙ yr−1) | (km s−1) | (K) | (cm) | ||
| IRC +10216 | 09:47:57.45 | +13:16:43.9 | − 26.5 | 130 [a] | 2330 [a] | 8750 [a] | 2.0 × 10−5 [a] | 14.5 | 800 [a] | 2.0 × 1014 [a] | 300 [a] |
| CIT 6 | 10:16:02.27 | +30:34:18.6 | − 1 | 440 [g] | 1800 [g] | 10000 [g] | 6.0 × 10−6 [g] | 17 | 1000 [g] | 2.1 × 1014 [g] | 141 [d] |
| CRL 3068 | 23:19:12.24 | +17:11:33.4 | − 31.5 | 1300 [g] | 1800 [g] | 10900 [g] | 2.5 × 10−5 [g] | 14.5 | 1500 [g] | 2.0 × 1014 [g] | 174 [d] |
| S Cep | 21:35:12.83 | +78:37:28.2 | − 15.3 | 380 [k] | 2200 [k] | 7300 [k] | 1.2 × 10−6 [k] | 22.5 | 1400 [k] | 5.8 × 1013 [k] | 360 [d] |
| IRC +30374 | 19:34:09.87 | +28:04:06.3 | − 12.5 | 1200 [j] | 2000 [j] | 9800 [j] | 1.0 × 10−5 [j] | 25 | 1000 [j] | 2.2 × 1014 [j] | 1008 [d] |
| Y CVn | 12:45:07.83 | +45:26:24.9 | + 22 | 220 [k] | 2200 [k] | 4400 [k] | 1.5 × 10−7 [k] | 7 | 1500 [k] | 8.7 × 1013 [k] | 500 [h] |
| LP And | 23:34:27.53 | +43:33:01.2 | − 17 | 630 [g] | 1900 [g] | 9600 [g] | 7.0 × 10−6 [g] | 14.5 | 1100 [g] | 1.8 × 1014 [g] | 288 [d] |
| V Cyg | 20:41:18.27 | +48:08:28.8 | + 13.5 | 366 [g] | 2300 [g] | 6000 [g] | 1.6 × 10−6 [g] | 12 | 1400 [g] | 9.4 × 1013 [g] | 364 [d] |
| UU Aur | 06:36:32.84 | +38:26:43.8 | + 6.7 | 260 [k] | 2800 [k] | 6900 [k] | 2.4 × 10−7 [k] | 10.6 | 1500 [k] | 6.3 × 1013 [k] | 11111 [b] |
| V384 Per | 03:26:29.51 | +47:31:48.6 | − 16.8 | 560 [k] | 2000 [k] | 8100 [k] | 2.3 × 10−6 [b] | 15.5 | 1300 [k] | 1.0 × 1014 [k] | 584 [d] |
| IRC +60144 | 04:35:17.54 | +62:16:23.8 | − 48.8 | 1030 [b] | 2000 [b] | 7800 [b] | 3.7 × 10−6 [b] | 19.5 | 1200 [n] | 2.0 × 1014 [b] | 11 [b] |
| U Cam | 03:41:48.17 | +62:38:54.4 | + 6 | 430 [i] | 2695 [i] | 7000 [i] | 2.0 × 10−7 [i] | 13 | 1500 [j] | 4.4 × 1013 [j] | 833 [i] |
| V636 Mon | 06:25:01.43 | −09:07:15.9 | + 10 | 880 [f] | 2500 [n] | 8472 [e] | 5.8 × 10−6 [f] | 20 | 1200 [n] | 1.7 × 1014 [n] | 300 [n] |
| IRC +20370 | 18:41:54.39 | +17:41:08.5 | − 0.8 | 600 [k] | 2200 [k] | 7900 [k] | 3.0 × 10−6 [b] | 14 | 1500 [k] | 8.1 × 1013 [k] | 266 [d] |
| R Lep | 04:59:36.35 | −14:48:22.5 | + 11.5 | 432 [b] | 2200 [b] | 5500 [b] | 8.7 × 10−7 [b] | 17.5 | 1000 [g] | 1.8 × 1014 [b] | 2000 [b] |
| W Ori | 05:05:23.72 | +01:10:39.5 | − 1 | 220 [k] | 2600 [k] | 3500 [k] | 7.0 × 10−8 [k] | 11 | 1500 [k] | 4.3 × 1013 [k] | 333 [h] |
| CRL 67 | 00:27:41.10 | +69:38:51.5 | − 27.5 | 1410 [d] | 2500 [n] | 9817 [d] | 1.1 × 10−5 [d] | 16 | 1200 [n] | 1.8 × 1014 [n] | 495 [d] |
| CRL 190 | 01:17:51.62 | +67:13:55.4 | − 39.5 | 2790 [d] | 2500 [c] | 16750 [d] | 6.4 × 10−5 [d] | 17 | 1000 [c] | 4.7 × 1014 [c] | 424 [d] |
| S Aur | 05:27:07.45 | +34:08:58.6 | − 17 | 300 [k] | 3000 [k] | 8900 [k] | 4.0 × 10−7 [k] | 24.5 | 1500 [k] | 7.3 × 1013 [k] | 500 [h] |
| V Aql | 19:04:24.15 | −05:41:05.4 | + 53.5 | 330 [k] | 2800 [k] | 6500 [k] | 1.4 × 10−7 [k] | 8 | 1500 [k] | 6.1 × 1013 [k] | 500 [h] |
| CRL 2513 | 20:09:14.25 | +31:25:44.9 | + 17.5 | 1760 [d] | 2500 [c] | 8300 [c] | 2.0 × 10−5 [d] | 25.5 | 1200 [c] | 1.6 × 1014 [c] | 453 [d] |
| CRL 2477 | 19:56:48.43 | +30:43:59.9 | + 5 | 3380 [m] | 3000 [m] | 13200 [m] | 1.1 × 10−4 [m] | 20 | 1800 [m] | 2.8 × 1014 [m] | 532 [d] |
| CRL 2494 | 20:01:08.51 | +40:55:40.2 | + 29 | 1480 [b] | 2400 [b] | 10200 [b] | 7.5 × 10−6 [b] | 20 | 1200 [n] | 2.3 × 1014 [b] | 436 [d] |
| RV Aqr | 21:05:51.74 | −00:12:42.0 | + 0.5 | 670 [k] | 2200 [k] | 6800 [k] | 2.3 × 10−6 [b] | 15 | 1300 [k] | 7.6 × 1013 [k] | 200 [h] |
| ST Cam | 04:51:13.35 | +68:10:07.6 | –13.6 | 360 [k] | 2800 [k] | 4400 [k] | 1.3 × 10−7 [k] | 8.9 | 1500 [k] | 5.0 × 1013 [k] | 500 [h] |
Agúndez et al. (2012), (b) Danilovich et al. (2015), (c) Groenewegen et al. (1998), (d) Groenewegen et al. (2002), (e) Guandalini & Cristallo (2013), (f) Guandalini et al. (2006), (g) Ramstedt et al. (2014), (h) Schöier & Olofsson et al. (2001), (i) parameters of the present-day wind of U Cam from Schöier et al. (2005), (j) Schöier et al. (2006), (k) Schöier et al. (2013), (m) Speck et al. (2009), (n) assumed value for the stellar effective temperature T⋆ is 2500 K, for the condensation radius rc is 5 R⋆ , for the dust temperature at the condensation radius Td (rc ) is 1200 K, and for the gas-to-dust mass ratio Ψ is 300.
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