Paschen continuum contribution functions (see Sect. 2.3.3) calculated at t = 5 s. The z-axis shows the contribution function value, the x- and y-axes are in terms of wavelength, λ and the logarithm of column depth log₁₀ξ. The top row shows results for the F10 flare model, the central row shows data for the F11 flare model, and the bottom row shows data for the F12 model. The left panels show the models including excitation and ionisation of hydrogen atoms by non-thermal beam electrons and the right panels represents the “thermal flare” simulations without excitation and ionisation by beam electrons.