Planetary Radio Interferometry and Doppler Experiment (PRIDE) technique: A test case of the Mars Express Phobos Flyby - II. Doppler tracking: Formulation of observed and computed values, and noise budget

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Table 1

Thermal noise of X-band Doppler detections of the VLBI stations during the GR035 experiment.

Observatories	Location	Telescope		Average T_sys	SEFD	Allan deviation
		Code	Diameter (m)	(K)	(Jy)	at 10 s

DSN Goldstone	USA	DSS-14	70	20.6^**	20^**	6.5 × 10^-15 ^***
DSN Robledo	Spain	DSS-63	70	20.6^**	20^**	6.5 × 10^-15 ^***
Estrack New Norcia	Australia	NNO	35	60.8^**	40^**	6.5 × 10^-15 ^***
Yebes	Spain	Ys	40	41	200	5.6 × 10^-15
Onsala	Sweden	On-60	20	62	1240	9.5 × 10^-15
Svetloe	Russia	Sv	32	58^*	200^*	1.1 × 10^-14
Zelenchukskaya	Russia	Zc	32	30^*	200^*	5.8 × 10^-15
Badary	Russia	Bd	32	27^*	200^*	8.2 × 10^-15
Hartebeesthoek	South Africa	Hh	26	70	875	8.3 × 10^-15
		Ht	15	44	1260	1.0 × 10^-14
Tianma	China	Tm65 (T6)	65	26	48^*	4.6 × 10^-15
Urumuqi	China	Ur	25	86	350^*	1.2 × 10^-14
Sheshan	China	Sh	25	32	800^*	8.6 × 10^-15
Yamaguchi	Japan	Ym	32	50^*	106^*	8.9 × 10^-15
Hobart	Australia	Ho	26	68	2500	1.1 × 10^-14
		Hb	12	87	3500	1.5 × 10^-14
Ceduna	Australia	Cd	30	85^*	600^*	8.1 × 10^-15
Yarragadee	Australia	Yg	12	96	3500	1.6 × 10^-14
Katherine	Australia	Ke	12	112	3500	1.5 × 10^-14
Warkworth	New Zealand	Ww	12	94	3500	1.6 × 10^-14
VLBA Owens Valley	USA	Ov	25	35	300	8.5 × 10^-15
VLBA Kitt Peak	USA	Kp	25	36	310	6.2 × 10^-15
VLBA Hancock	USA	Hn	25	49	419	7.0 × 10^-15
VLBA Brewster	USA	Br	25	41	352	2.5 × 10^-14
VLBA Mauna Kea	USA	Mk	25	43	368	9.9 × 10^-15
VLBA St Croix	USA	Sc	25	39	330	9.4 × 10^-15
VLBA Pie Town	USA	Pt	25	27	313	7.1 × 10^-14
VLBA Fort Davis	USA	Fd	25	36	309	6.2 × 10^-15

Notes.

^(*)

Nominal values taken from the EVN status table II (Campbell 2016).

^(**)

Nominal values taken from Stelzried et al. (2008) and Martin & Warhaut (2004).

^(***)

Assuming a nominal value of the suppressed modulation carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of 67 dBHz.

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