Comparison of H⁺, H, H₂ densities (panel a) and temperature (panel b) profiles in the thermosphere of HD 189733b. These are obtained from the thermospheric model driven by a quiescent spectrum (in black), by flaring spectra for a duration of 5 h (coloured, solid lines), and by the flaring spectra to equilibrium (coloured, dashed lines). The orange and red lines correspond to the cases of solar-type and AU Mic-type flares, respectively. The dotted horizontal black line in each panel represents the pressure level corresponding to 2.95 R_p, the lower boundary of the Bourrier & Lecavelier des Etangs (2013) model.