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Fig. 4

image

Parameters derived from the fitting with two isothermal components of the actual spectra of HD 81809 (red circles) and of the Sun observed as a star (magenta stars), along their cycles. The figure also shows the fitting parameters derived for the simulated data assuming a mixture of solar-like coronal regions: active regions and cores (AR+CO, blue crosses), and active regions, cores, and flares (AR+CO+FLs, green diamonds). The crossed square (AR+CO+XFL) marks a mixture of active regions and cores plus the contribution of a very intense flare (GOES class X9).

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