Example simulation including a Lambertian surface albedo map and 3D cloud data from the ECMWF weather model. The rows correspond to phase angles of 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°. The columns show the Stokes vector components I, Q, and U and the degree of linear polarization. On top of each Stokes component figures the mean values of all pixels in the image are given, and the right panels include polarization calculated as .