Fig. 1
Evolution of radius (solid line) and mass (dashed) in the cold accretion limit (ξ = 0) and under the fiducial conditions listed in Table 1. The five main evolution phases are labeled as follows: (I) the contraction phase; (II) deuterium-burning phase; (III) second contraction phase until the accretion is completed; (IV) swelling phase; and (V) main sequence from ~ 2 × 107 yr.
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