Empirical distribution of the mean estimated values for log [10¹⁰A_s] (top) and τ (bottom), derived from 1000 FFP8 simulations (see text). For each simulation, we perform a full end-to-end run, including foreground cleaning and parameter estimation. Blue bars refer to simulations that do not include the instrumental bandpass mismatch, while red bars do. The violet bars flag the overlapping area, while the vertical black lines show the input parameters. We note that the (uncorrected) bandpass mismatch effect hardly changes the estimated parameters.