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Fig. 9

image

Evolution of the total planetary masses as a function of orbital distance for a solar-system analogue with the giant planets ending up in a configuration similar to the initial conditions of the Nice model. Jupiter starts at t0 = 1.68 Myr, Saturn and t0 = 1.92 Myr, Neptune and Uranus both start at t0 = 2.04 Myr. We display Neptune inside of Uranus here, as they often switch places during the Nice model (Tsiganis et al. 2005). We have used here Zdust = 0.5% and a metallicity of pebbles of Z = 1.0% where the disc has a water-to-silicate ratio of 3:1. The mass of the cores for all giant planets is ~7 MEarth.

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