Water in star-forming regions with Herschel (WISH) - VI. Constraints on UV and X-ray irradiation from a survey of hydrides in low- to high-mass young stellar objects

A. O. Benz; S. Bruderer; E. F. van Dishoeck; M. Melchior; S. F. Wampfler; F. van der Tak; J. R. Goicoechea; N. Indriolo; L. E. Kristensen; D. C. Lis; J. C. Mottram; E. A. Bergin; P. Caselli; F. Herpin; M. R. Hogerheijde; D. Johnstone; R. Liseau; B. Nisini; M. Tafalla; R. Visser; F. Wyrowski

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525835

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Volume 590 (June 2016)

A&A, 590 (2016) A105

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Fig. 10

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Cartoons of three scenarios described in the text for the origin of the observed CH⁺, OH⁺, H₂O⁺, and C⁺ absorptions. A: irradiated outflow walls with slow shocks entraining the outer layers of the walls; B: disk wind irradiated by protostellar FUV; C: fast dissociative shocks irradiated by protostellar FUV.

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