Water deuteration and ortho-to-para nuclear spin ratio of H2 in molecular clouds formed via the accumulation of H I gas

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Fig. 1

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Threshold abundances of CO and electrons to be the dominant reactant of H₂D⁺. If CO and electron abundances with respect to H₂ are below the lines, Reaction (1) in the backward direction dominates over H₂D⁺ destruction by CO and electrons. See Appendix A for more details.

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