Left and middle columns: K-band magnitude distributions of red clump stars in the modeled galaxy at different latitudes along the bulge minor axis. An initial radial metallicity profile [ Fe/H ] = 0.5−0.4R in the disk is assumed, as in Martinez-Valpuesta & Gerhard (2013). Three different metallicity bins are then shown: [ Fe/H ] > 0 (red, solid curve), −0.5 < [ Fe/H ] ≤ 0 (black, dash-dotted curve), −1 < [ Fe/H ] ≤ −0.5 (blue, dashed curve), similar to populations A, B, and C, as defined by Ness et al. (2013a). Disk stars only are shown in the left panel, while all (i.e., disk and classical bulge) stars are shown in the right panel. In all panels, stars with (l,b) in the interval (l₀,b₀) ± (Δl,Δb) are shown, with Δl = Δb = 1° and (l₀,b₀) as given in the top left corner. Right column: K₀-band magnitude distributions of red clump stars at different latitudes along the bulge minor axis from the ARGOS survey. See Ness et al. (2013a) for details.