Fig. 4

Evolution in time of the S3 simulation for γ = 1. The light-blue shaded area represents the HZ and the curves with q = 0.8 AU and Q = 1.5 AU represent curves of constant perihelion and aphelion, respectively. Planetary embryos are plotted as colored circles, planetesimals with black dots. The color scale represents the fraction of water of the embryos relative to their masses. For this profile there is only one embryo in the HZ, located at 1.13 AU with a mass of 0.37M⊕ and a water content of 2.54% by mass, which represents 34 Earth oceans. The color figure is only available in the electronic version.
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