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Home All issues Volume 640 (August 2020) A&A, 640 (2020) C4 Full HTML
Issue
A&A
Volume 640, August 2020
LOFAR Surveys: a new window on the Universe
Article Number C4
Number of page(s) 4
Section Extragalactic astronomy
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833821e
Published online 13 August 2020

Erratum for: A&A, 622, A15 (2019), https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833821

© ESO 2020

When calculating rest-frame radio power at a specific frequency, it is necessary to account for the shape of the radio spectral energy distribution. Typically this is a synchrotron spectrum described by Sν ∝ να, which we use to correct observed flux density to intrinsic luminosity at a specific wavelength:

L ν , i n t = 4 π D L 2 S ν , o b s ( 1 + z ) ( 1 + α ) . $$ \begin{aligned} L_{\nu ,int} = \frac{4 \pi D_L^2 S_{\nu ,obs}}{(1 + z)^{(1+\alpha )}}. \end{aligned} $$(1)

In Morabito et al. (2019), we incorrectly used the opposite sign convention for α; as defined correctly above a typical value of α is −0.7. Figure 1 shows the correct, recalculated radio powers versus the original radio powers reported in the original paper. The conclusions of the paper are unchanged, as the key observational trends are unaffected by this shift in radio power.

thumbnail Fig. 1.

Correct radio power versus original radio power calculated in Morabito et al. (2019). The black line one-to-one relation is drawn to guide the eye.

Table 1 remains unchanged, while Tables 2 and 3 have very marginal changes (within the uncertainties). The tables with the corrected values are reproduced below.

Half of the figures remain unchanged. We reproduce Figs. 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, and 12 here with the corrected values of radio power (and therefore also radio loudness). Wherever possible, we left the Figure axes limits unchanged to facilitate comparison with Morabito et al. (2019), and only changed them when necessary to see the relevant data trends.

Table 2.

Weighted median spectral index values and bootstrapped uncertainties, for sources detected at both frequencies.

Table 3.

Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between HiBAL and LoBAL radio properties and BI.

thumbnail Fig. 3.

Radio luminosity vs. bolometric luminosity. Light gray points are all quasars with LoTSS detections, and purple points are those classified as BALQSO. The median errors are shown by the cross in the bottom left of the plot. Top panel: distributions of bolometric luminosity: solid lines represent the LoTSS-detected samples, while dot-dashed lines represent all sources regardless of LoTSS-detection. Right panel: distributions of radio luminosity for LoTSS-detected sources. The line colours are the same as in the scatter plot.

thumbnail Fig. 5.

Fraction of BALQSOs and LoBALs in the overall quasar sample as a function of radio luminosity at 144 MHz. The abscissa are luminosity bin midpoints. The highest luminosity bin may be heavily biased by the small number of sources and the limited sky coverage; these points have been shaded out.

Figure 7 shows the distribution of radio loudness. The division of radio loud/radio quiet is somewhat arbitrary, but the intention is to distinguish between the Gaussian-like distribution of radio quiet sources and the tail of radio loud sources; these are seen as two distinct components in the overall distribution of radio loudness. At GHz frequencies, this division is typically around values of log(R)∼1. Based on our incorrect radio powers at 144 MHz in Morabito et al. (2019), we drew this division at log(R144) = 2. Visually inspecting the revised distribution in Fig. 7 the break between radio quiet and radio loud has shifted log(R144) = 2.6, where the distribution in the non-BAL quasar population dips and then the radio-loud tail picks up.

In Fig. 10, while some points have shifted slightly, the radio powers for 1.4 GHz and 144 MHz were both re-calculated, leaving the spectral index values virtually unchanged for sources with measurements at both frequencies. The upper limits for the spectral indices are the most drastic change (these values were not used anywhere in Morabito et al. 2019).

thumbnail Fig. 6.

Left: fraction of BALQSOs, LoBALs, and HiBALs in the overall quasar sample as a function of radio luminosity at 1.4 GHz for the sources with FIRST counterparts. Right: fraction of BALQSOs, LoBALs, and HiBALs in the overall quasar sample as a function of radio luminosity at 144 MHz, but for only the sources with FIRST counterparts. The highest luminosity bin may be heavily biased by the small number of sources and the limited sky coverage; these points have been shaded out.

thumbnail Fig. 7.

Distributions of radio loudness of non-BAL quasars, BALQSOs, and LoBALs.

thumbnail Fig. 10.

Radio luminosity from LDR1 vs. FIRST measurements. Lines of constant spectral index are drawn on the plot, with the appropriate labels. Upper limits for sources are detected in LDR1 but not FIRST are shown as left-pointing arrows. The median uncertainties for detections (i.e., not upper limits) are shown as a cross in the bottom right corner of the plot.

thumbnail Fig. 11.

Fraction of BALQSOs which are LoBALs, as a function of radio luminosity. We have included fractions as a function of both LoTSS and FIRST powers. To aid the comparison, we have shifted the LoTSS radio luminosity abscissa by an amount equivalent to the median spectral index between the LoTSS/FIRST samples. Both observed and adjusted FIRST values are plotted, where the adjusted values have been reduced by the fraction of DR7 FIRST detections to LoTSS/FIRST cross-matched detections.

thumbnail Fig. 12.

Balnicity index (BI) as a function of, from left to right: log(R144 MHz), L144 MHz, L1.4 GHz. Median errors in both the x and y directions are shown in the bottom left corner of each plot.

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank A. Rankine for bringing this to our attention.

References

  1. Morabito, L. K., Matthews, J. H., Best, P. N., et al. 2019, A&A, 622, A15 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]

All Tables

Table 2.

Weighted median spectral index values and bootstrapped uncertainties, for sources detected at both frequencies.

In the text
Table 3.

Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between HiBAL and LoBAL radio properties and BI.

In the text

All Figures

thumbnail Fig. 1.

Correct radio power versus original radio power calculated in Morabito et al. (2019). The black line one-to-one relation is drawn to guide the eye.
In the text
thumbnail Fig. 3.

Radio luminosity vs. bolometric luminosity. Light gray points are all quasars with LoTSS detections, and purple points are those classified as BALQSO. The median errors are shown by the cross in the bottom left of the plot. Top panel: distributions of bolometric luminosity: solid lines represent the LoTSS-detected samples, while dot-dashed lines represent all sources regardless of LoTSS-detection. Right panel: distributions of radio luminosity for LoTSS-detected sources. The line colours are the same as in the scatter plot.
In the text
thumbnail Fig. 5.

Fraction of BALQSOs and LoBALs in the overall quasar sample as a function of radio luminosity at 144 MHz. The abscissa are luminosity bin midpoints. The highest luminosity bin may be heavily biased by the small number of sources and the limited sky coverage; these points have been shaded out.
In the text
thumbnail Fig. 6.

Left: fraction of BALQSOs, LoBALs, and HiBALs in the overall quasar sample as a function of radio luminosity at 1.4 GHz for the sources with FIRST counterparts. Right: fraction of BALQSOs, LoBALs, and HiBALs in the overall quasar sample as a function of radio luminosity at 144 MHz, but for only the sources with FIRST counterparts. The highest luminosity bin may be heavily biased by the small number of sources and the limited sky coverage; these points have been shaded out.
In the text
thumbnail Fig. 7.

Distributions of radio loudness of non-BAL quasars, BALQSOs, and LoBALs.
In the text
thumbnail Fig. 10.

Radio luminosity from LDR1 vs. FIRST measurements. Lines of constant spectral index are drawn on the plot, with the appropriate labels. Upper limits for sources are detected in LDR1 but not FIRST are shown as left-pointing arrows. The median uncertainties for detections (i.e., not upper limits) are shown as a cross in the bottom right corner of the plot.
In the text
thumbnail Fig. 11.

Fraction of BALQSOs which are LoBALs, as a function of radio luminosity. We have included fractions as a function of both LoTSS and FIRST powers. To aid the comparison, we have shifted the LoTSS radio luminosity abscissa by an amount equivalent to the median spectral index between the LoTSS/FIRST samples. Both observed and adjusted FIRST values are plotted, where the adjusted values have been reduced by the fraction of DR7 FIRST detections to LoTSS/FIRST cross-matched detections.
In the text
thumbnail Fig. 12.

Balnicity index (BI) as a function of, from left to right: log(R144 MHz), L144 MHz, L1.4 GHz. Median errors in both the x and y directions are shown in the bottom left corner of each plot.
In the text

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