Revisiting empirical solar energetic particle scaling relations - I. Solar flares Athanasios Papaioannou, Konstantin Herbst, Tobias Ramm, Edward W. Cliver, David Lario and Astrid M. Veronig A&A, 671 (2023) A66 Published online: 06 March 2023 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243407