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Figure 1: The duration of the phases of hydrogen and helium burning as a function of the initial mass for the NACRE intermediate mass models. Top: H-burning time; middle: He-burning time; bottom: ratio between the He-burning and the H-burning times. |
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Figure 2: Top: the mass coordinate of the innermost point reached by the base of the envelope during the second dredge-up for the same models discussed in Fig. 1. Bottom: the penetration (in solar masses) of the base of the external convective zone beyond the location of the CNO burning shell during the second dredge-up. |
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Figure 3: The variation of the surface chemical abundances of some elements following the 2nd dredge-up. Top: helium mass fraction; middle: variation of the 16O abundance, expressed as the logarithm of ratio between the final abundance and the initial mass fraction; bottom: the same as the middle panel, but for 23Na. |
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Figure 4: The maximum luminosity ( top) and temperature at the base of the convective envelope ( bottom) achieved by the standard NACRE models during their AGB evolution. |
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Figure 5:
Variation of the surface chemical abundances
of the CNO elements during the evolution of the
same models as in Fig. 1. For clarity reason,
for 12C we decided to show only the variation
at the surface of the models with initial masses 3, 4, 5 and 6 ![]() |
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Figure 6: The variation of the surface sodium abundance for the standard NACRE models. |
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Figure 7:
Observed data which define the anticorrelation sodium vs. oxygen in the stars of several GCs. Stars: M 13, open squares: M 3 (both from Sneden et al. 2004);
full squares: NGC 6752 from Grundahl et al. (2002); full triangles: M 4 and open
triangles: M 5 (both from Ivans et al. 1999); full dots: NGC 2808 from
Carretta et al. (2003). Models by Fenner et al. (2004) of 3.5, 5 and 6.5 ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 8:
The variation of the magnesium and aluminum isotopes
for the standard NACRE models of 3.5, 4 and 5 ![]() |
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Figure 9: The average chemical content of the ejecta of the standard NACRE models as a function of the initial mass. Top: oxygen abundance; bottom: sodium abundance. |
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Figure 10: The comparison between the time-scale for helium burning ( top) and the ratio between the time-scales for helium and for hydrogen burning ( bottom) for the NACRE (solid) and CF88 (dotted) models of intermediate mass. |
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Figure 11: The average chemical content of the ejecta of the NACRE (solid) and CF88 (dotted) models of intermediate mass in terms of lithium, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen abundances. |
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Figure 12:
Left: variation with temperature of the
logarithm of the ratio between the CF88 and the NACRE
cross section of the reaction 17O(p,
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Figure 13: Average chemical content of the ejecta of IMS models calculated with NACRE (solid) and CF88 (dotted) sets of nuclear cross-sections in terms of 23Na and 24Mg. The bottom panels show the isotopic ratios of magnesium. |
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Figure 14:
The AGB evolution of the surface abundances
of 23Na ( top) and 22Ne ( bottom) of two models with initial
mass 5 ![]() |
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Figure 15:
Variation with time of the total mass
of three models of initial mass
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Figure 16: Variation with time and total mass of the CNO surface abundances of the same models presented in Fig. 15. The right-lower panel shows the total C+N+O abundance. The abundances are given in mass fraction. |
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Figure 17: AGB evolution of the surface abundances of 23Na ( top) and 22Ne ( bottom) of the same models presented in Fig. 15. |
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Figure 18:
The evolution of luminosity ( top) and temperature
at the base of the envelope (bottom) of two models
with initial mass 4 ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 19:
Comparison between the depletion of
surface oxygen within two models with initial mass
4 ![]() ![]() |
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