... constant

Based on observations performed at the VLT Kueyen telescope (ESO, Paranal, Chile). The data are retrieved from the ESO/ST-ECF Science Archive Facility.

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... 0.80

Statistical errors, $\sigma_{\rm stat} \equiv$ dispersion/ $\!\sqrt{n}$, are used in the text to specify the error of the sample mean, if not indicated otherwise.

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... higher

The terrestrial isotope ratios are ⁵⁴Fe:⁵⁶Fe:⁵⁷Fe:⁵⁸Fe = 5.8:91.8:2.1:0.3, and ²⁴Mg:²⁵Mg:²⁶Mg = 79:10:11.

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...$\chi^2_{\rm min}$ value

The first "hot pixel'' with $\epsilon = -0.15$ is seen in Fig. 4, exposures 23/24, panel Fe II  $\lambda2586.6$, at v = -66.6 km s^-1, whereas the second one with $\epsilon = -0.24$, the same exposures, panel Fe II  $\lambda1608.5$, v = 65.6 km s^-1 is beyond the frame.

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... profile

The second term in Bohlin's et al. Eq. (A15) is neglected since we assume the lines are rather strong (the apparent central optical depth $\tau_0 \sim 1$), and isolated, i.e. the local continuum level is known with a sufficiently high precision.

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... atmosphere

For B and R filters, the corresponding intensities are $F^B_\ast = 1.52$ $\times$ 10³ and $F^R_\ast = 0.65$ $\times$ 10³ photon cm^-2 s^-1 Å^-1.

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...-test

The application of the t-test to two normally distributed and independent random variables with different variances is described in Bol'shev & Smirnov (1983).

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...$\lambda2600$ lines

The mean $\langle \Delta v \rangle$ should be consistent with zero in the case of good calibration since the sensitivity coefficients ${\cal Q}$(Fe II  $\lambda2344$)  $\simeq {\cal Q}$(Fe II  $\lambda2600$).

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